Gujarat’s Development Blueprint: Infrastructure Catalysts and Policy Frameworks for 2047

I. Executive Summary: Gujarat’s Blueprint for 2047

Gujarat is charting an ambitious course towards 2047, aiming to transform its economy into a USD 3.5 trillion powerhouse and significantly elevate the quality of life for its projected 80-90 million residents.¹ This vision, formalized in the ‘Viksit Gujarat @ 2047’ document ¹ and guided by the newly established Gujarat State Institution for Transformation (GRIT) ² alongside the experienced Gujarat Infrastructure Development Board (GIDB) ⁴, aligns closely with national development goals.¹

The strategy hinges on targeted policy interventions and massive infrastructure investments. Key policies are designed to attract ‘sunrise’ industries, notably through the Gujarat Semiconductor Policy (2022-27) offering substantial capital and utility subsidies ⁸, and the Gujarat Global Capability Centre (GCC) Policy (2025-30) providing significant CAPEX/OPEX support and employment incentives.¹⁰ The energy transition is propelled by the Renewable Energy Policy (2023-28), targeting 100 GW RE capacity by 2030 ¹⁴, and the EV Policy (2021-25) promoting vehicle adoption and charging infrastructure.¹⁷ These are underpinned by the comprehensive Industrial Policy (2020) ²⁰ and Tourism Policy (2021-25) ²³, fostering a conducive ecosystem for broad-based growth. The biennial Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit remains a critical catalyst for attracting investment across these priority sectors.²⁵

Flagship infrastructure projects are transforming Gujarat’s landscape. Connectivity is being enhanced through the Delhi-Mumbai Expressway (though facing delays in Gujarat sections ²⁸), the Ahmedabad-Dholera Expressway ³¹, the Mumbai-Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail ³³, expanding Metro networks in Ahmedabad and Surat ³⁵, and the ambitious Port-City project aiming to quadruple maritime capacity.³⁷ Energy security is being addressed via the colossal 30 GW Khavda RE Park ⁴⁰ and extensive transmission grid upgrades by GETCO.⁴³ Industrial growth is fostered through large-scale Special Investment Regions (SIRs) like Dholera and Mandal-Becharaji, integrated with the DMIC ⁷, while world-class urban spaces are emerging with GIFT City as a global financial hub ⁴⁷ and DREAM City in Surat.⁵⁰ Water management remains crucial, with projects like the SAUNI Yojana enhancing water availability in drought-prone regions.⁵³

While Gujarat’s strategic planning and policy framework provide a strong foundation, realizing the 2047 vision requires overcoming significant challenges, including timely project execution, securing vast financial resources, managing debt, developing skilled human capital, and ensuring balanced regional development. Success hinges on sustained political will, effective implementation, and the ability to continuously adapt to a dynamic global environment.

II. Gujarat’s Strategic Development Blueprint: Vision and Ambition

Gujarat, a state historically recognized for its entrepreneurial spirit and industrial prowess ¹, is embarking on an ambitious, long-term development trajectory aimed at solidifying its position as a leading economic powerhouse within India and on the global stage. This strategy is formally encapsulated in its forward-looking vision documents and supported by a robust institutional framework designed to guide planning and implementation over the coming decades.

A. The ‘Viksit Gujarat @ 2047’ Vision and Economic Targets

Aligning with the national objective of ‘Viksit Bharat @ 2047’, Gujarat became the first state in India to formally unveil its own “State Vision Document Gujarat@2047” roadmap in January 2024, during the Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit.² This document, developed under the guidance of NITI Aayog and through extensive consultations with stakeholders, thinkers, and policymakers ², outlines a multi-dimensional vision for the state’s development over the next quarter-century.

The core economic ambition is staggering: to transform Gujarat’s economy, valued at approximately USD 259 billion currently ³ (with a GSDP of Rs 16.19 lakh crore noted in an earlier context ⁴), into a USD 3.5 trillion economy by 2047.² This target necessitates not just incremental progress but a profound structural shift and sustained high growth rates, aiming to significantly increase Gujarat’s contribution to the national GDP from its current level of approximately 8.5%.² Complementing this GSDP target is the goal of elevating the state’s per capita annual income to between USD 38,000 and USD 43,000 by 2047 ², signifying a substantial improvement in the standard of living for its projected population of 80-90 million.³ An interim goal aims for the state to become a USD 1 trillion economy by 2030.⁴

Beyond purely economic metrics, the Vision 2047 document incorporates crucial social and sustainability goals. A key target is to significantly enhance women’s participation in the workforce, raising it from the current 42% to 75% by 2047.² The vision also emphasizes the creation of a healthier, more educated, sustainable, and secure society.³ This includes providing universal access to high-quality amenities such as clean air and water, reliable 24×7 electricity, comprehensive healthcare coverage, and diverse educational and skill development opportunities.³ This inclusion of social indicators alongside ambitious economic targets suggests a policy direction aimed at fostering inclusive growth and ensuring that the benefits of rapid development are broadly shared, potentially mitigating social disparities often associated with accelerated industrialization.

The formalization of this multi-decade vision, complete with quantifiable economic and social targets, marks a significant step towards structured, long-term strategic planning. It provides a clear roadmap against which progress can be measured and policies can be aligned.

Table 1: Gujarat Vision 2047 – Key Economic and Social Targets

Indicator	Target Value	Target Year	Baseline/Context	Source(s)
Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP)	USD 3.5 Trillion	2047	~$259 Bn (current) 3; ~8.5% of India’s GDP 2	2
GSDP (Interim)	USD 1 Trillion	2030		4
Per Capita Annual Income	USD 38,000 – 43,000	2047	Rs 3,13,512 (~USD 3,944) in 2022-23 8	2
Women’s Workforce Participation	75%	2047	42% (current) 2	2
Renewable Energy Share in Power	50%	2030	Aligns with national targets 9	9
Renewable Energy Capacity	100 GW	2030	Current potential: 36 GW Solar, 143 GW Wind 9	11
Population (Projected)	80 – 90 Million	2047	~71.5 Million (current projection based on UIDAI) 8	3
Quality of Life	World-class amenities	2047	Clean air/water, healthcare, education, 24×7 electricity, sustainable environment	3

B. Institutional Framework: GIDB and Strategic Planning

The implementation of Gujarat’s ambitious development agenda is underpinned by a well-established and evolving institutional framework. The Gujarat Infrastructure Development Board (GIDB), established under the Gujarat Infrastructure Development (GID) Act of 1999 and subsequently amended in 2006, has been the cornerstone of the state’s infrastructure push for over two decades.¹³ Functioning as the Apex Authority for infrastructure development and headed by the Chief Minister ¹⁵, GIDB’s mandate focuses on facilitating higher investment flows, promoting private sector participation (PSP), and ensuring coordination among various government agencies involved in infrastructure projects.¹³

GIDB has played a crucial role in formulating sector-specific master plans, such as the Blueprint for Infrastructure in Gujarat 2020 (BIG 2020) and Vision 2030 ¹³, and has been instrumental in developing the state’s framework for Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs).¹³ Gujarat was a pioneer in leveraging the PPP model, particularly in the road sector ¹⁷, and this approach remains central to mobilizing the vast resources required for future projects. GIDB also acts as the nodal agency for coordinating projects under national initiatives like the Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) within the state ¹⁹ and collaborates with academic institutions like Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya for enhancing logistics planning and capacity building.²⁰

The state’s planning toolkit also includes statutory instruments like Development Plans (DPs) and Town Planning Schemes (TPS) for guiding urban growth at macro and micro levels.²¹ Recognizing the need for continuous improvement, a manual has been developed to support and standardize the preparation of DPs.²¹ Furthermore, the Gujarat Special Investment Region (SIR) Act of 2009 provides the legal framework for establishing and regulating large-scale industrial zones like Dholera and Mandal-Becharaji.¹³

Complementing these established bodies, the Gujarat government recently established the Gujarat State Institution for Transformation (GRIT).³ Modeled after the national NITI Aayog, GRIT is tasked with providing strategic guidance and steering the implementation of the ‘Viksit Gujarat @ 2047’ vision.³ The creation of GRIT signifies a potential shift towards a more holistic, think-tank-driven approach to long-term policy formulation and monitoring, integrating the implementation capabilities of GIDB and other agencies within a broader strategic framework. This robust institutional structure, combining experienced implementation agencies with a new strategic guidance body, provides a strong foundation for executing the state’s complex and ambitious development plans. However, the continued reliance on PSP and PPP necessitates strong regulatory oversight and effective risk management frameworks to ensure project viability and safeguard public interest.¹³

C. Identified Growth Engines: Key Focus Sectors

Gujarat’s strategy for achieving its Vision 2047 targets involves a dual approach: reinforcing its traditional industrial strengths while aggressively capturing opportunities in emerging, high-value sectors. The state has identified specific ‘winning sectors’ deemed crucial for future growth.²³

• Core Sectors: Leveraging its established ecosystem, Gujarat continues to focus on sectors where it holds a strong manufacturing base and potential for global scaling. These include chemicals and petrochemicals (facilitated by infrastructure like Dahej PCPIR ¹⁹), pharmaceuticals and medical devices, automobiles and auto components (anchored by hubs like MBSIR ²⁵), textiles and apparel (supported by initiatives like PM MITRA parks ⁸), gems and jewelry, ceramics, electrical machinery, industrial machinery, and agro/food processing.¹ The state’s robust port infrastructure also underpins its strength in ports and shipping.²⁴ Manufacturing currently contributes significantly, accounting for 45% of Gujarat’s GSDP in 2022-23.²⁸
• Sunrise Sectors: Recognizing the global shift towards technology and sustainability, Gujarat is making a concerted push into ‘sunrise’ sectors. Foremost among these is the semiconductor and display fabrication ecosystem, supported by a dedicated policy and the development of a ‘Semicon City’ in Dholera SIR.²⁹ Green Energy, encompassing solar, wind, and green hydrogen, is another major focus, leveraging the state’s vast renewable potential.⁹ Electric Vehicles (EVs) and their components are targeted, complemented by policies encouraging adoption and charging infrastructure.²³ The state is also actively promoting Industry 4.0 manufacturing, waste management projects, and 100% export-oriented units.²⁷
• Services Sector Push: Complementing its manufacturing focus, Gujarat is significantly enhancing its services sector capabilities. This is evident in the promotion of GIFT City as an International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) targeting FinTech and global financial services.²³ A dedicated policy aims to attract Global Capability Centers (GCCs) in IT/ITeS, R&D, and other high-value services.³⁸ Tourism, including niche segments like medical value travel and MICE, is also identified as a key growth area.²³

This strategic identification of focus sectors allows for targeted policy interventions, infrastructure development (like sector-specific parks ⁸), and investment promotion efforts, aligning resources with the state’s long-term economic diversification and value-addition goals. The strong emphasis on green energy is particularly noteworthy, positioning it not only as a sustainability measure but also as a potential competitive advantage for attracting energy-intensive industries like semiconductor manufacturing. Similarly, the push into high-value services aims to create a more balanced economy and generate skilled employment opportunities.

D. Integration with National Development Goals

Gujarat’s development strategy is explicitly interwoven with India’s overarching national ambitions. The ‘Viksit Gujarat @ 2047’ vision is a direct state-level response to the Prime Minister’s call for a ‘Viksit Bharat @ 2047’.² The state’s economic targets are positioned as significant contributions towards the national goals of achieving a USD 5 trillion economy in the near term and potentially a USD 30 trillion economy by 2047.⁴

This alignment is evident across multiple policy domains. The Gujarat Semiconductor Policy 2022-27 is designed to complement and attract investments under the national India Semiconductor Mission (ISM), offering state-level incentives on top of central support.²⁹ The state’s ambitious renewable energy targets (100 GW RE by 2030, 50% RE share in power) directly contribute to India’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement and the national ‘Panchamrit’ climate goals.⁹ Similarly, the EV Policy 2021-25 leverages the central FAME-II scheme framework.⁴⁸

Major infrastructure initiatives within Gujarat are integral components of national programs. The development of industrial nodes like Dholera SIR and MBSIR falls under the National Industrial Corridor Development Programme (NICDP), specifically the Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC).¹⁴ State-level infrastructure planning incorporates the principles of the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan for multi-modal connectivity.¹³ The Mumbai-Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail project is a flagship national project with significant implications for Gujarat.²⁴ Furthermore, the state’s GCC policy resonates with the Union Budget’s focus on promoting GCCs, particularly in emerging cities.³⁹

This strategic congruence allows Gujarat to effectively leverage central government funding, schemes, and policy frameworks, potentially streamlining approvals and enhancing project viability. By positioning itself as a key driver of national priorities in strategic sectors like semiconductors, green energy, and advanced manufacturing, Gujarat reinforces its ‘Growth Engine’ identity ⁵⁴ and aims to capture a substantial share of national investments directed towards these areas. This alignment ensures that state-level development contributes meaningfully to India’s broader economic and strategic objectives.

III. Policy Levers for Growth and Investment

Gujarat employs a multi-pronged policy approach to stimulate growth, attract investment, and build a supportive ecosystem for its focus sectors. Key policies target future industries, energy transition, and the overall industrial and service environment, complemented by the high-profile Vibrant Gujarat Summit as an investment catalyst.

A. Attracting Future Industries: Semiconductor and GCC Policies

Recognizing the strategic importance and high-growth potential of semiconductor manufacturing and global business services, Gujarat has formulated dedicated policies offering substantial incentives to establish the state as a leader in these domains.

• Gujarat Semiconductor Policy (2022-27): Launched as the first state-level policy of its kind in India ⁵⁶, this policy aims to attract semiconductor and display fabrication (FAB) investments, aligning with the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM).²⁹ Its primary goal is to develop a robust ESDM ecosystem and generate significant high-skilled employment (~200,000 jobs targeted).³⁰ Eligibility is tied to projects approved under the central ISM schemes.³⁰
  • Fiscal Incentives: The policy offers significant financial support, notably an additional capital assistance at 40% of the capex assistance provided by the Government of India under ISM schemes.⁴⁵ Land is heavily subsidized, particularly within the designated ‘Semicon City’ in Dholera SIR, where a 75% subsidy is offered on the first 200 acres for a FAB project, and 50% on additional land.⁴⁵ Crucial utilities are provided at highly subsidized rates: water at Rs 12/cubic meter for the first five years (with capped escalation thereafter) and a power tariff subsidy of Rs 2/unit for ten years.⁴⁶ Furthermore, projects receive 100% exemption from electricity duty and 100% reimbursement of stamp duty and registration fees.⁴⁶ A 50% capital subsidy is also available for setting up captive desalination plants.⁴⁶
  • Infrastructure & Support: The policy designates Dholera SIR as the location for ‘Semicon City’, planned with Industry 4.0 enabled common infrastructure, including specialized utilities, testing labs, and logistics.⁴⁵ A single window clearance mechanism and facilitation for statutory compliances aim to enhance the ease of doing business.⁴⁶
• Gujarat Global Capability Centre (GCC) Policy (2025-30): This policy targets establishing Gujarat as a major hub for GCCs, aiming to attract over 250 new units, generate more than 50,000 high-skilled jobs, and mobilize investments exceeding ₹10,000 crore.³⁹ It focuses on promoting high-value services including technology, finance, analytics, R&D, and engineering.⁵⁸ Eligible units are defined as new or existing GCCs employing at least 50 people.³⁹
  • Fiscal Incentives: The policy provides a comprehensive package covering both capital and operational expenditures. Capex support ranges up to ₹50 crore for standard projects (<₹250 Cr GFCI) and up to ₹200 crore for mega projects (≥₹250 Cr GFCI).³⁸ Significant Opex assistance is available for five years, covering 15% of eligible costs (lease rentals, bandwidth, cloud services, power tariff), capped annually at ₹20-40 crore depending on project size.³⁸ Employment Generation Incentives include a one-time payment based on 50% of one month’s CTC (up to ₹50,000 for male, ₹60,000 for female employees) and reimbursement of employer’s EPF contribution (100% for female, 75% for male employees) for five years.³⁹ Additionally, a 7% interest subsidy on term loans (capped at ₹1 crore/year for 5 years) and 100% electricity duty exemption for five years are offered.⁵⁹
  • Ecosystem & Skilling: The policy supports skill development through reimbursement of upskilling course fees (50-75%, up to ₹50,000) and quality certification costs (80%, up to ₹10 lakh).⁵⁹ It encourages the development of GCC clusters in GIFT City, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Vadodara, and Surat ⁵³, promoting decentralized growth. The policy also integrates with the state’s IT/ITeS Policy (2022-27) and supports co-located startups.³⁸

These highly targeted policies, with their substantial financial incentives, underscore Gujarat’s strategic determination to capture leadership in capital-intensive semiconductor manufacturing and knowledge-intensive GCC operations. However, the realization of these ambitions is contingent upon the parallel development of highly specialized infrastructure (ultra-reliable utilities for fabs, robust digital networks for GCCs) and the cultivation of a large pool of skilled talent, which the policies attempt to address through infrastructure commitments (Semicon City ⁴⁵) and skilling incentives.⁵⁹ The GCC policy’s geographical spread beyond GIFT City also points towards a strategy for distributing high-value employment opportunities across multiple urban centers.⁵³

B. Powering Growth: Renewable Energy and EV Policies

Gujarat’s industrial and economic ambitions are inextricably linked to securing a sustainable and reliable energy future. This is being driven by comprehensive policies promoting renewable energy (RE) generation and the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs).

• Gujarat Renewable Energy Policy (2023-2028): This policy provides a framework to harness Gujarat’s significant RE potential (estimated at 36 GW solar and 143 GW wind ⁹) and achieve the state’s target of 100 GW RE capacity by 2030, aiming for 50% RE share in its power mix.⁹ It anticipates attracting investments of around ₹5 lakh crore.⁹ Applicable to a wide range of RE projects (ground-mounted, rooftop, floating, canal-top solar; onshore and rooftop wind; hybrid projects) ⁹, its benefits extend for 25 years or the project lifespan.⁹
  • Key Enablers: A significant feature is the removal of capacity restrictions for setting up RE projects for captive use or third-party sale, irrespective of the consumer’s contracted demand.⁹ This facilitates large-scale RE adoption by industrial consumers. Energy banking is permitted on a monthly billing cycle basis, with charges determined by the Gujarat Electricity Regulatory Commission (GERC), although residential solar consumers are exempt from banking charges.⁹ For captive power projects, cross-subsidy and additional surcharges are waived as per central Electricity Rules, 2005.⁹ The policy also allows DISCOMs to procure power from smaller RE projects (Solar ≤4MW, Wind ≤10MW) through a pre-fixed levelized tariff mechanism, bypassing competitive bidding.⁹ Development of RE parks (Solar, Wind, Hybrid) is actively promoted ⁹, and power export via the Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS) is permitted.⁹ Other provisions include promoting prototype Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs), repowering older wind farms, and allowing rooftop wind installations.⁹ The Gujarat Energy Development Agency (GEDA) serves as the nodal agency.⁹
• Gujarat Electric Vehicle (EV) Policy (2021-2025): This policy aims to accelerate EV adoption across all segments, positioning Gujarat as an EV manufacturing hub, fostering startups, and curbing air pollution.⁶¹ The target is to support the deployment of 200,000 EVs (110,000 two-wheelers, 70,000 three-wheelers, 20,000 four-wheelers) during the policy period (July 2021 – July 2025).³⁴
  • Demand Incentives: The policy offers a direct benefit transfer (DBT) subsidy to buyers at Rs 10,000 per kWh of battery capacity, considered among the highest rates nationally.³⁴ This incentive is capped at Rs 20,000 for two-wheelers, Rs 50,000 for three-wheelers, and Rs 1.5 lakh for four-wheelers.³⁴ Eligibility is linked to vehicles approved under the central FAME-II scheme and subject to ex-factory price limits.⁴⁸ Additionally, EVs registered in Gujarat are exempt from registration fees ³⁴ and road tax (waivers phased down over the policy period).³⁵
  • Charging Infrastructure: To address range anxiety, the policy targets adding 250 commercial public EV charging stations to the existing network.³⁴ A 25% capital subsidy (up to Rs 10 lakh per station) is offered for the first 250 stations established.³⁴ Electricity duty is waived for EV charging stations during the policy period.³⁴ The policy encourages charging infrastructure deployment at various locations, including petrol pumps and housing/commercial complexes (requiring NOCs for installation).³⁴

The RE policy, particularly through its liberal open access and banking provisions, directly enables industrial consumers to invest in clean energy, supporting both sustainability mandates and potentially lowering energy costs. The EV policy’s strong demand-side incentives aim to create a significant market for electric vehicles, which in turn drives demand for the clean electricity generated under the RE policy. The success of both policies, however, is critically dependent on the parallel development of enabling infrastructure – robust grid expansion and modernization by GETCO for RE evacuation ⁶⁴, and a widespread, reliable charging network for EVs.³⁴

C. Enabling Ecosystem: Industrial, Tourism, and Other Key Policies

Complementing the targeted policies for sunrise sectors, Gujarat maintains a broader policy framework aimed at fostering a conducive environment for overall industrial investment, tourism development, and startup growth.

• Gujarat Industrial Policy (2020): This policy serves as the overarching framework for industrial promotion, replacing earlier versions and notably delinking incentives from State Goods and Services Tax (SGST).²⁷ It aims to accelerate industrial growth aligned with Industry 4.0 principles and the ‘Atmanirbhar Gujarat’ vision.²⁷ The policy identifies 15 thrust sectors (divided into Core and Sunrise categories) for incremental incentives.²⁷
  • Incentives for Large Enterprises: Capital subsidies up to 12% of Fixed Capital Investment (FCI) are offered, with the percentage varying by sector and location (taluka category). While there’s no absolute cap on the total subsidy, annual disbursement is capped at INR 40 crore, potentially spread over 20 years if the total entitlement is large.²⁷ Interest subsidies on term loans are also available.²⁷ Government land can be made available on long-term lease (up to 50 years) at 6% of the market rate.²⁷ Special incentives are offered for companies relocating operations to Gujarat.²⁷
  • Incentives for MSMEs: A significant focus is placed on supporting MSMEs. Capital subsidies range from 10% to 25% of the term loan amount (up to INR 35 lakhs, with additional amounts for larger MSME investments), depending on the taluka category.⁶⁶ Interest subsidies on term loans are provided at rates of 5% to 7% (up to INR 35 lakhs per annum) for 5 to 7 years, again varying by location.³³ Additional 1% interest subsidy is available for specific categories like women, SC/ST, differently-abled, young (<35 years), and startup entrepreneurs.³³ MSMEs are also eligible for Net SGST reimbursement (up to 100% for 10 years, capped annually based on FCI) ³³ and reimbursement of employer’s EPF contributions for new employees for 10 years (100% reimbursement, capped at 12% of basic salary or INR 1800/month/employee).³³ Further support includes assistance for technology acquisition (including foreign patents up to INR 50 lakh), quality certification (including ZED), ERP implementation, market development (exhibition participation), and obtaining power connections.⁶⁶
  • Startup Support: Enhanced seed support (up to INR 3 million, plus INR 1 million for social impact startups), sustenance allowance (INR 20,000-25,000/month for one year), and additional interest subsidy (1%) are provided.²⁷ Support for managerial/soft skills training and mentoring assistance via nodal institutes is also included.²⁷
• Gujarat Tourism Policy (2021-25): This policy aims to significantly boost tourist arrivals, enhance tourism’s contribution to GSDP (target 5-7%), create employment, and position Gujarat as a top MICE destination, while promoting sustainability and local culture (‘Vocal for Local’).⁴¹ It focuses on diversifying tourism products beyond traditional circuits, promoting adventure, wildlife, MICE, medical, wellness, caravan, river cruise, religious, and rural tourism.⁴¹
  • Key Incentives: Capital subsidies are offered for various tourism units, including 20% for hotels/resorts in high-priority centers (min INR 1 Cr investment), 15% for theme parks/amusement parks (investment thresholds apply), 15% for wellness resorts and convention centers, and 15% for caravans, adventure equipment, and river cruise boats.⁴¹ Financial assistance is provided for obtaining green building or global sustainable tourism certifications (50% of fees, capped).⁷⁰ General benefits include 100% electricity duty exemption for 5 years and 100% reimbursement of stamp duty/registration fees.⁷⁰ Interest subsidies (5-7%) are available for tour operators/travel agents establishing offices.⁷⁰ Marketing support for participating in exhibitions and assistance for organizing fairs/MICE events are also provided.⁷⁰ Payroll assistance is offered for employing qualified tourist guides.⁷⁰ The policy also incentivizes the adoption of E-vehicles by tourism service providers (15% capital subsidy) and setting up public charging stations (25% capital subsidy).⁴¹
  • Implementation: Focuses on streamlining processes through single-window clearance mechanisms and strengthening partnerships.⁴¹
• Other Policies: The state has also introduced policies like the Gujarat State Procurement Policy 2024 (favoring MSEs) ²⁴, Gujarat Textile Policy 2024 ²⁴, and a Cinematic Tourism Policy ²⁴, further tailoring support for specific sectors. The IT/ITeS Policy 2022-27 works in conjunction with the GCC policy.³⁸

The shift in the Industrial Policy 2020 towards direct capital and interest subsidies, moving away from a primary reliance on SGST-linked benefits, likely provides greater financial predictability for investors, particularly MSMEs.²⁷ The Tourism Policy’s emphasis on diversification and sustainability ⁴¹ reflects a strategy to enhance the sector’s value and resilience. Across these policies, the consistent support for startups, innovation (R&D support ⁶⁶), and skill development ⁴¹ highlights a comprehensive approach aimed at building a competitive and knowledge-driven economy alongside physical infrastructure.

Table 2: Overview of Major Sectoral Policies and Key Incentives

Policy Name	Operative Period	Key Objectives	Major Fiscal Incentives (Examples)	Major Non-Fiscal Support	Snippet Refs
Gujarat Semiconductor Policy	2022-2027	Attract Semicon/Display FABs, Create ~200k jobs, Support ISM	40% Capex top-up on GoI aid, 75% land subsidy (Dholera), Subsidized Water (Rs 12/m³), Power Tariff Subsidy (Rs 2/unit), 100% Electricity Duty exemption, 100% Stamp Duty reimbursement	Land facilitation, Semicon City infra, Single Window Clearance	29
Gujarat Global Capability Centre (GCC) Policy	2025-2030	Attract 250+ GCCs, Create 50k+ jobs, Attract ₹10k Cr+ investment	Capex Support (up to ₹200 Cr), Opex Support (15% eligible cost, capped ₹20-40 Cr/yr for 5 yrs), Employment Incentive (50% CTC, up to ₹60k + EPF reimbursement), Interest Subsidy (7%, capped), 100% Electricity Duty exemption (5 yrs)	Skill development aid, Quality certification support, Linkage with IT/ITeS policy	38
Gujarat Renewable Energy Policy	2023-2028	100 GW RE by 2030, 50% RE share, Attract ₹5 Lakh Cr investment, Energy Security	Energy Banking (monthly, charges apply except residential solar), Open Access (Captive CSS/AS waiver), DISCOM purchase options (fixed tariff for small projects)	No capacity restriction (Captive/3rd Party), RE Park promotion, ISTS export allowed, Single Window Portal	9
Gujarat Electric Vehicle (EV) Policy	2021-2025	Support 200k EVs, EV Hub, Reduce pollution	Demand Subsidy (Rs 10k/kWh, capped ₹20k-1.5L), Registration Fee waiver, Charging Infra Subsidy (25% capex, capped ₹10L), Electricity Duty waiver (charging)	Charging infra promotion (petrol pumps, housing etc.)	34
Gujarat Industrial Policy	2020-2025	Enhance industrial growth (Industry 4.0), Atmanirbhar Gujarat, Job creation	Large: Capital Subsidy (up to 12% FCI), Interest Subsidy. MSME: Capital Subsidy (10-25% loan, capped), Interest Subsidy (5-7%, capped), SGST reimbursement, EPF reimbursement. Startup: Seed fund, Sustenance allowance.	Land on lease, Relocation incentives, R&D support, Tech acquisition aid, Quality certification aid, Market dev. support	27
Gujarat Tourism Policy	2021-2025	Increase footfall, Livelihoods, 5-7% GSDP share, Sustainability, MICE hub	Capital Subsidy (15-20% for hotels, parks, wellness etc.), Interest Subsidy (Tour operators), Marketing aid, Event aid, Payroll aid (guides), Green certification aid, 100% Electricity Duty exemption (5 yrs), 100% Stamp Duty reimbursement	Single Window Clearance, Partnership promotion, Digital interventions	41

D. Vibrant Gujarat Summit: Catalyzing Investment

The biennial Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit (VGGS), initiated in 2003 ⁶, has become a cornerstone of the state’s investment promotion strategy. It serves as a high-profile platform to showcase Gujarat’s policy initiatives, infrastructure readiness, and investment opportunities to a global audience, thereby catalyzing significant investment inflows. The summit’s effectiveness is reflected in the state attracting a cumulative Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) of USD 55 billion between 2002 and 2022.⁶

The 10th edition, VGGS 2024, themed “Gateway to the Future” ⁷³, underscored the summit’s evolution into a platform strategically aligned with state and national priorities. It saw participation from over 130 countries ⁷⁴ and resulted in claimed investment intentions (Memorandums of Understanding – MoUs) worth ₹45 lakh crore across 98,540 projects ⁷⁴, with a notable emphasis on ‘Green MoUs’ constituting 50% of the total, reflecting the state’s RE focus.⁷⁵

Key announcements during VGGS 2024 prominently featured investments in sectors prioritized by recent state policies:

• Semiconductors & Electronics: Tata Group confirmed plans for a large semiconductor fab in Dholera and a 20 GW lithium-ion battery factory in Sanand.⁴³ South Korean firm Simmtech committed ₹1,250 crore for PCB manufacturing, collaborating with Micron Technology, alongside other B2B MoUs involving major players like ArcelorMittal Nippon Steel (AMNS) and Cisco.⁴³ Grew Energy also announced a ₹3,800 crore solar component unit in Dholera.⁷⁷
• Green Energy: Adani Group pledged a massive ₹2 lakh crore ($24 billion) investment over five years, primarily focused on green energy projects including the 30 GW Khavda RE park, aiming to create 100,000 jobs.⁴³ Reliance announced India’s first world-class carbon fibre facility at Hazira and is developing a green energy giga complex in Jamnagar.⁴³
• Automotive (including EV focus): Maruti Suzuki announced ₹350 billion ($4.2 billion) investment for a second manufacturing plant and a new production line, aiming to boost annual capacity towards 2 million vehicles.⁴³
• Heavy Industry & Infrastructure: AMNS is constructing the world’s largest single-location integrated steel plant (24 MT capacity) at Hazira, expected by 2029.⁴³ Global logistics firm DP World announced plans for a new container terminal.⁴³
• IT & Finance (GIFT City): Nvidia partner Yotta confirmed the commissioning of an AI data center in GIFT City ⁴³, while Paytm announced a ₹100 crore investment to build a global financial ecosystem there.⁴³

While the scale of announced investments at VGGS is impressive, highlighting strong investor interest aligned with state priorities, the actual realization rate of these MoUs is critical for achieving Gujarat’s long-term economic goals.² Effective project facilitation and timely infrastructure development are key to converting investment intent into ground-level reality.

Looking ahead, the 11th edition of VGGS has been rescheduled from 2026 to 2027. In the interim, the state plans to host mini-Vibrant summits in four zones (North, Central, Kutch-Saurashtra, South Gujarat) potentially incorporating AI technology.⁷⁶ This zonal approach, coupled with the planned unveiling of over eight new policies focusing on industries and energy ⁷⁶, may represent a strategic refinement towards more targeted, regionally focused investment promotion, allowing for better alignment with local infrastructure readiness and policy frameworks.

Table 7: Vibrant Gujarat Summit – Key Investment Announcements (VGGS 2024)

Company/Group	Sector	Investment Amount (Approx.)	Key Project Details/Location	Estimated Jobs	Snippet Refs
Adani Group	Green Energy, Ports, Infrastructure	₹2 Lakh Crore ($24 Bn) over 5 yrs	Khavda RE Park (30 GW), Green Hydrogen, Port expansions	100,000	43
Tata Group	Semiconductors, EV Batteries	Not specified 84	Semiconductor Fab (Dholera), 20 GW Li-ion Battery Factory (Sanand)	20,000+ (Semicon)	43
Maruti Suzuki	Automotive	₹350 Billion ($4.2 Bn)	Second Car Plant, New Production Line (Location not specified)	–	43
Reliance Industries	Advanced Materials, Green Energy	Not specified	Carbon Fibre Facility (Hazira), Green Energy Giga Complex (Jamnagar)	–	43
ArcelorMittal Nippon Steel	Steel	Not specified	24 MT Integrated Steel Plant (Hazira)	–	43
Simmtech (South Korea)	Semiconductors (PCB)	₹1,250 Crore	PCB Manufacturing Unit (Colocated with Micron)	High-skilled	43
Grew Energy	Renewable Energy Components	₹3,800 Crore	Solar Component Mfg Unit (2.8 GW capacity) (Dholera)	–	77
DP World	Logistics / Ports	Not specified	Container Terminal Construction	–	43
Yotta (Nvidia Partner)	IT / Data Centers	Not specified	AI Data Centre (GIFT City)	–	43
Paytm (One97)	FinTech	₹100 Crore	Global Financial Ecosystem Development (GIFT City)	–	43
India-UAE MoUs	RE, Healthcare, Food Parks	Not specified	Various projects across sectors	–	43

IV. Flagship Infrastructure Projects: Transforming Gujarat’s Landscape

Realizing Gujarat’s ambitious development vision necessitates a massive undertaking in infrastructure creation and modernization across multiple sectors. Flagship projects in transportation, energy, industrial zones, and urban development are underway, designed to enhance connectivity, secure energy supply, foster industrial growth, and build world-class urban environments.

A. Enhancing Connectivity: Transportation Networks

A seamless, efficient, and multi-modal transportation network is the backbone of Gujarat’s economic strategy. Significant investments are being channeled into upgrading highways, establishing high-speed rail, expanding metro systems, modernizing ports, and developing new airports.

• 1. Expressways & Highways:
  • Delhi-Mumbai Expressway (DME): This flagship national project holds significant importance for Gujarat, as a substantial portion (38%) of the 1,382/1,386 km route traverses the state.²⁴ Designed as an 8-lane access-controlled expressway (expandable to 12 lanes) ⁸⁰, it aims to drastically reduce travel time between Delhi and Mumbai to 12 hours.⁷⁸ The project incorporates modern features like extensive wayside amenities, potential for dedicated e-highway lanes for electric trucks/buses, and environmental considerations including wildlife tunnels and noise barriers.⁸⁰ However, the Gujarat section has encountered significant delays, particularly across three packages totaling 87 km, where progress has been minimal (ranging from 0% to 35% as reported in early 2025).⁷⁸ These delays are attributed to land acquisition and technical challenges ⁷⁸ and have pushed the expected completion date for the entire expressway to potentially 2027, significantly later than initial targets.⁷⁸ While the Delhi-Vadodara section became operational in October 2023 ⁸¹, the bottlenecks in Gujarat remain a critical concern for realizing the full benefits of this vital corridor. The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is the implementing agency for this project, estimated to cost around Rs 1 lakh crore nationally.⁷⁸
  • Ahmedabad-Dholera Expressway: This 109 km greenfield expressway is a critical link connecting Ahmedabad to the Dholera Special Investment Region (SIR).⁸⁴ Construction is advancing rapidly, with reports indicating 71 km completion by June 2024 ⁸⁴ and 80% overall completion by November 2024.⁸⁶ The project, costing approximately Rs 4,372 crore, is targeted for completion by May 2025 ⁸⁴, which will be crucial for facilitating industrial and logistical activities within Dholera SIR.
  • Other Highway Developments: The state is also investing in strengthening its broader road network. The Gujarat Budget 2025-26 allocated significant funds (₹5,000 crore) for the ‘Mukhya Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana’ and ₹600 crore for Phase 3 of the ‘Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana’.⁸⁷ Funds are also earmarked for widening/resurfacing roads connecting tourist spots (₹2,637 crore) and industrial/quarry areas (₹528 crore), improving port connectivity roads (₹187 crore), constructing new bridges and retrofitting old ones (₹385 crore), and building climate-resilient roads (₹300 crore).⁸⁷ The development of the Surat-Chennai Expressway, India’s second-longest, also originates in Gujarat.⁸⁸
• 2. High-Speed Rail (HSR):
  • Mumbai-Ahmedabad HSR (Bullet Train): This pioneering project aims to introduce high-speed rail travel to India, connecting the financial capital Mumbai with Gujarat’s largest city, Ahmedabad, over a 508 km route.⁹⁰ Utilizing Japanese Shinkansen technology (including E5 series trains) ⁹⁰, the line is designed for a top operating speed of 320 km/h.⁹⁰ Construction is actively underway, managed by the National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited (NHSRCL).⁵¹ As of February 2025, substantial progress was reported, particularly in the Gujarat section, with 386 km of pier foundations and 272 km of viaducts completed.⁵¹ Work on stations like Ahmedabad, Sabarmati, Surat, and Bilimora is visibly progressing.⁹¹ While track laying was yet to commence as of early 2025 ⁵¹, the project timeline anticipates the initial Gujarat section opening by the end of 2030, with the full line to Mumbai operational by 2033.⁹⁰ The project, primarily funded through loans from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) ⁹⁰, faced initial delays due to the pandemic and land acquisition challenges, particularly in Maharashtra.⁹⁰
• 3. Metro Rail:
  • Ahmedabad Metro: Managed by the Gujarat Metro Rail Corporation (GMRC) ⁹³, the Ahmedabad Metro is expanding significantly. Phase 1, encompassing 40 km across East-West (Blue Line) and North-South (Red Line) corridors, became largely operational by December 2024.⁹⁵ Phase 2, costing ₹5,384 crore ⁹⁵, involves a 28.26 km extension.⁹⁵ This includes extending the North-South line from Motera Stadium northwards to Mahatma Mandir in Gandhinagar (22.84 km) and constructing a new branch line from Gujarat National Law University (GNLU) to GIFT City (5.42 km).⁹⁶ Parts of Phase 2, including the GIFT City link and the stretch from Motera to Sector 1 in Gandhinagar, were inaugurated in September 2024.⁹⁶ Trial runs on the subsequent section towards Sachivalaya were underway in early 2025 ⁹⁴, with the entire Phase 2 expected to be completed by 2026.⁹⁷ The system utilizes standard gauge tracks, third rail power supply, and CBTC signaling.⁹⁵ The project has garnered recognition for sustainable design, with several stations receiving IGBC Platinum certifications.⁹³
  • Surat Metro: Also implemented by GMRC, Surat Metro’s Phase 1 is currently under construction.⁹⁹ This phase includes two corridors totaling 41.93 km: Line 1 (Red Line) from Sarthana to DREAM City (22.77 km, 20 stations, including 7 km underground) and Line 2 (Green Line) from Bhesan to Saroli (18 km, 18 stations, elevated).⁹⁹ Construction commenced in January 2021.¹⁰⁰ The first section opening is anticipated in late 2024 (delayed from 2023), with the entire Phase 1 completion targeted for December 2027.⁹⁹ The project cost is estimated at ₹12,020 crore, funded through GoI-GoG equity and loans from AFD and KfW.⁹⁹ Contracts for various components, including rolling stock (Titagarh Rail Systems ⁹⁹), signaling (Alstom ⁹⁹), and civil works, have been awarded.⁹⁹
  • Future Plans: Metro connectivity is also envisioned for Dholera SIR, linking it to Ahmedabad ¹⁰⁴, potentially via a ‘Vande Metro’ service.⁸⁴
• 4. Ports: Gujarat’s extensive 1600 km coastline hosts a network of ports crucial for trade, handling about 40% of India’s total cargo.⁸ The Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB) oversees the sector, which includes one major port (Deendayal Port, Kandla) and 48 non-major ports, many developed under PPP/BOOT models since the pioneering 1997 policy.¹⁰⁶ Key private/non-major ports like Mundra, Pipavav, Hazira, and Dahej handle substantial traffic.¹⁰⁷
  • Expansion & New Developments: The state has ambitious plans outlined in GMB’s Vision 2047, aiming to quadruple cargo handling capacity to 2,200 MTPA ¹¹⁰ and develop 10 new greenfield ports.¹¹² A flagship initiative is the revival of the Port-City project, envisioned as a 250-500 sq km integrated development inspired by global hubs like Rotterdam and Dubai.⁴⁴ This project, estimated at ₹1.5 lakh crore with a 2047 completion target ¹¹⁰, aims to include a massive 250-500 MTPA port alongside industrial, residential, and recreational zones.¹¹¹ Potential locations shortlisted include Porbandar, Bhavnagar, Surat, and Valsad.⁴⁴ The state budget allocated ₹100 crore in FY 2025-26 for the project’s SPV.¹¹³ Master planning is underway.⁴⁴ Other developments include the approved Nargol greenfield port (₹4,000 crore investment by Cargo Motors & Israel Ports Co.) ⁴⁴ and the operational Chhara LNG Terminal (₹4,239 crore investment).¹¹¹ Existing ports like Dahej are also undergoing expansion.¹¹¹ Enhancing last-mile road and rail connectivity to ports is a key focus.¹⁰⁶
  • Concession Management: A significant factor is the upcoming expiry of 30-year concession agreements for the major private ports: Pipavav (2028), Mundra (2031), Dahej (2035), and Hazira (2035). Extension requests from operators are under government review.¹⁰⁸ The outcomes will significantly shape the future port landscape.
• 5. Airports: Complementing sea and land connectivity, Gujarat is upgrading its aviation infrastructure.
  • Dholera International Airport: This greenfield airport is a critical component of the Dholera SIR ecosystem.¹¹⁷ Being developed over 1426 hectares ¹¹⁸, Phase 1 aims for a 1.5-3 million passenger capacity with a 3200m runway, targeting completion by March/December 2026.¹¹⁷ Construction is progressing, with the runway reported as 70% complete in April 2025 ⁸⁵ and contracts awarded for terminal buildings and infrastructure.¹¹⁷ The project is managed by DIACL, a JV involving AAI, GoG, and NICDIT.⁸⁵ Phase 1 investment is estimated at ₹1305 crore.¹¹⁷
  • Other Developments: Surat Airport recently inaugurated a new terminal building and underwent apron/taxiway expansion.¹⁰³ Rajkot has a new operational greenfield airport. Metro connectivity is planned for Ahmedabad airport.⁹⁶ The state aims for enhanced international connectivity from multiple airports.²³

This comprehensive, multi-modal infrastructure development program is unprecedented in scale for the state. Its successful and timely execution is fundamental to achieving the Vision 2047 economic targets, facilitating seamless movement of goods and people, attracting investment to the planned industrial hubs (SIRs/DMIC), and supporting the growth of world-class urban centers like GIFT City and Dholera. However, the significant delays observed in the crucial Delhi-Mumbai Expressway project highlight the execution risks inherent in such large-scale, complex undertakings.⁷⁸ The massive investment in port capacity also signals a clear strategy to leverage Gujarat’s maritime advantage for global trade dominance.¹¹⁰

B. Securing Energy Future: Power Generation and Transmission

Gujarat’s rapid industrialization and urbanization necessitate a secure, reliable, and increasingly sustainable energy supply. The state is making massive investments in renewable energy generation, particularly solar and wind, coupled with significant upgrades to its power transmission infrastructure managed by the Gujarat Energy Transmission Corporation Limited (GETCO).

• 1. Renewable Energy Generation:
  • Khavda RE Park: Officially the Gujarat Hybrid Renewable Energy Park, this project under construction in the Kutch region is set to be the world’s largest renewable energy park upon completion.³² Spanning a vast 72,600 hectares (538 sq km) ¹²¹, it aims for a total hybrid (solar and wind) capacity of 30 GW.³¹ Adani Green Energy Limited (AGEL) is the largest developer, allocated capacity for 9.5 GW ¹²², and had operationalized 1 GW of solar by March 2024 ¹²¹ and a total of 2.8 GW+ by late 2024.¹²² Other developers involved include NTPC, GIPCL, GSECL, and Sarjan Realities.¹²² GIPCL had 600 MW under construction ¹²², and the park saw its first 250 MW wind capacity commissioned in July 2024.¹²² The entire 30 GW park is projected to be completed by December 2026 ¹²², representing an estimated investment of ₹1.5 lakh crore.¹²² The project utilizes advanced technologies like bifacial solar modules and waterless cleaning robots ¹²¹ and is expected to generate substantial employment (15,200+ green jobs) and significantly reduce carbon emissions.¹²²
  • Overall RE Expansion: The Khavda park is part of Gujarat’s broader strategy to achieve 100 GW of RE capacity by 2030 ¹¹, aligning with the state’s RE Policy 2023-28.⁹ The state boasts significant potential (36 GW solar, 143 GW wind).⁹ Numerous tenders for utility-scale solar, wind, hybrid, and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) projects are regularly issued by entities like Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Limited (GUVNL), SJVN Green Energy, GIPCL, and GSECL, targeting grid connection to GETCO or the ISTS network.¹²⁵
• 2. Power Transmission (GETCO): Evacuating the massive influx of RE power, particularly from remote regions like Kutch, and ensuring grid stability requires a commensurate expansion and modernization of the transmission network by GETCO.
  • Current Network: As of late 2023/early 2024, GETCO managed a network of ~74,578 ckt. km of lines and ~2,318 substations, maintaining high system availability (>99%) and handling peak loads exceeding 24.5 GW.¹³¹
  • Future Expansion Plans: GETCO has outlined an ambitious investment plan of ₹960 billion to ₹1 trillion over the next 8-10 years (up to FY 2029-30/2031-32).⁶⁵ This includes adding 55,000 ckt. km of transmission lines, over 800 new substations (including 12 at the 765 kV level), and 17 STATCOMs.¹³¹ The plan focuses on strengthening the grid to handle the projected RE capacity additions (targeting 73 GW total RE by 2030/31) and delivering power efficiently to major load centers.⁶⁵ Specific initiatives include Green Energy Corridors (GEC Phase I nearing completion, Phase II targeting March 2026) ¹³¹, infrastructure for agricultural power supply (Kisan Suryodaya Yojana – KSY) ¹³², and strengthening networks in coastal (Sagarkhedu) and tribal (TASP) areas.¹³²
  • Technological Upgrades: GETCO is actively adopting advanced grid technologies. This includes implementing digital substations (with a fully digital 220kV substation planned at Sevaliya) ¹³¹, deploying Wide Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS) with a large number of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) ¹³³, utilizing STATCOMs for voltage stability (being the first STU in India to commission them) ¹³¹, installing high-capacity and HTLS conductors to enhance power transfer on existing routes ¹³², and using environment-friendly equipment like ester oil-filled transformers and SF6-free circuit breakers in new ‘green’ substations.¹³¹ The introduction of a 33kV voltage level in metropolitan areas is also planned.¹³¹
• 3. Nuclear Power Status: While Gujarat hosts the operational Kakrapar Atomic Power Station (KAPS), which recently saw its 700 MW Unit 4 become operational in December 2023 ¹³⁴, plans for a new major nuclear plant at Mithi Virdi (6000 MW) were officially shelved.¹³⁴ The project, involving US-based Westinghouse AP1000 reactors ¹³⁵, faced persistent local opposition primarily due to concerns over the acquisition of fertile agricultural land and environmental impact assessment issues.¹³⁵ The project site was eventually shifted to Kovvada in Andhra Pradesh.¹³⁴ This leaves RE and the existing KAPS as the primary pillars of Gujarat’s non-fossil fuel generation strategy.

The parallel development of massive RE generation capacity and the extensive modernization and expansion of the transmission grid represents a critical synergy. The success of Gujarat’s energy transition and its ability to power sustained industrial growth hinges on the timely and effective execution of both components. GETCO’s significant investment and adoption of cutting-edge grid technologies ¹³¹ are vital for integrating intermittent RE sources reliably and efficiently. The abandonment of the Mithi Virdi nuclear project further emphasizes the strategic importance of the RE scale-up and grid enhancement plans.¹³⁵

C. Fostering Industrial Might: Economic Zones and Corridors

Gujarat’s industrial development strategy centers on creating large-scale, well-equipped economic zones, often integrated with national infrastructure corridors, to attract significant domestic and international investment, particularly in its focus sectors.

• 1. Special Investment Regions (SIRs): Established under the Gujarat SIR Act, 2009 ¹³, these are large integrated industrial townships planned with dedicated infrastructure and governance structures.
  • Dholera SIR (DSIR): This is Gujarat’s flagship greenfield smart city project, envisioned as a global manufacturing and trading hub.⁴⁹ Located within the DMIC influence area ¹⁴, DSIR spans 920 sq km.¹⁰⁴ Infrastructure development within the 22.5 sq km ‘Activation Area’ is nearing completion, including roads, utilities, and the City Integrated Operation Center (CIOC).¹⁰⁴ Critical connectivity projects like the Ahmedabad-Dholera Expressway and the Dholera International Airport are advancing.⁸⁴ DSIR is actively attracting major investments, particularly in the semiconductor sector with Tata Electronics establishing India’s first AI-enabled fab (₹91,000 Cr investment) ⁸⁴ and Micron Technology setting up an Assembly, Testing, Monitoring, and Packaging (ATMP) facility ($2.75 Bn investment).¹⁴⁰ The Vedanta-Foxconn JV had initially finalized Dholera for its semiconductor plant (₹1.54 lakh Cr MoU) ⁸⁴, though the JV later dissolved, Vedanta continues to explore options. Other investors like ReNew Power and Chiripal Group have commenced construction.⁸⁶ The region targets sectors like electronics, defence, auto, heavy engineering, and IT.¹⁴ The Dholera Industrial City Development Ltd (DICDL), a JV between the state and central governments, manages the project.¹⁴²
  • Mandal-Becharaji SIR (MBSIR): Positioned as a major automotive hub ²⁵, MBSIR hosts large manufacturing plants of Maruti Suzuki and Honda Motorcycles & Scooters India (HMSI), along with numerous ancillary units.²⁵ Located between Ahmedabad and major ports ²⁵, it is also a DMIC node.⁵⁰ After initial delays due to farmer protests which led to a reduction in the project area ¹⁴³, infrastructure development has gained momentum. Road projects worth ₹200 crore were nearing completion in early 2021, with tenders floated for an additional ₹470 crore worth of infrastructure in the first town planning scheme (TP-1).¹⁴⁵ The total infra cost for Cluster A is estimated at ₹1,900 crore.¹⁴⁵ A dedicated administrative building was inaugurated in December 2020 ¹⁴³, and last-mile rail connectivity (26.6 km, ₹260 crore) is planned.¹⁴⁵ The establishment of the Bechraji Area Development Authority in October 2023 aims to further boost integrated development in the region.¹⁴³
  • Other SIRs: The state framework allows for other SIRs, including the operational Gujarat Petroleum, Chemicals & Petrochemicals SIR (GPCPSIR) at Dahej ¹⁹ and potential future developments like Halol-Savli and Santalpur SIRs.²²
• 2. Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC): Gujarat plays a pivotal role in this national megaproject, with 38% of the corridor’s length and 6 out of 24 proposed industrial nodes located within the state.¹⁹ DMIC aims to create a globally competitive environment along the Western Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC).¹⁴ Dholera SIR and Vadodara-Ankleshwar Industrial Area are part of DMIC Phase 1 development, while Surat-Hazira and Valsad-Umergaon are planned for Phase 2.¹⁹ GIDB serves as the state’s nodal agency for DMIC coordination.¹⁹ The corridor is expected to significantly boost manufacturing, exports, and employment in Gujarat.¹⁴
• 3. GIDC Estates & Industrial Parks: The Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC) continues to develop and manage a network of over 200 industrial estates across the state.⁸ Recent strategy involves creating sector-specific parks to foster specialized ecosystems, such as the PM MITRA park for textiles, Bulk Drug Park, Medical Device Park, Ceramics Park, and others.⁸ Within MBSIR, GIDC manages the operational Japanese Industrial Park and Bhagapura estate, with Vanod GIDC under development.¹⁴⁵

This multi-layered approach, combining massive SIRs integrated with national corridors and specialized GIDC parks, aims to provide ‘plug-and-play’ infrastructure ⁵⁰ tailored to attract large anchor investments and nurture specific industrial ecosystems. The success of greenfield projects like Dholera, however, represents a long-term commitment requiring sustained investment, effective governance, and the ability to attract a diverse range of industries beyond initial anchor tenants to realize their full economic potential.¹⁴⁰

D. Building World-Class Urban Spaces: Urban Development Initiatives

Parallel to industrial and energy infrastructure, Gujarat is focused on developing modern, sustainable, and economically vibrant urban centers. Key initiatives include the GIFT City financial hub, participation in the national Smart Cities Mission, and the development of integrated commercial/residential projects like DREAM City in Surat.

• 1. GIFT City (Gandhinagar): Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) is India’s first operational greenfield smart city and International Financial Services Centre (IFSC), strategically located between Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar.³⁶ Established as a Multi-Services Special Economic Zone (SEZ) ¹⁴⁹, GIFT IFSC aims to onshore international financial services transactions previously conducted offshore.¹⁵¹
  • Status & Growth: The city is operational and rapidly expanding, having attracted over 550 entities, generated over 20,000 jobs, and secured over USD 20 billion in committed fund investments.¹⁴⁷ The IFSC banking sector is flourishing, with assets crossing USD 70 billion and transactions exceeding USD 975 billion as of September 2024.¹⁵² It hosts a diverse range of financial institutions including banks (domestic and international like Standard Chartered, Bank of America, HSBC ¹⁴⁷), capital market entities, fund managers (128 FMEs, 168 funds ¹⁵²), insurance and reinsurance companies, and FinTech firms.³⁶ The India International Bullion Exchange (IIBX) is operational ³⁶, and the aircraft leasing (27 lessors, 159 assets) and ship leasing (12 lessors) segments are growing.³⁶ GIFT Nifty derivatives trading volumes are significant.¹⁵² Major corporations like Bank of America ¹⁵⁰ and technology players like Nvidia partner Yotta (AI data center) ⁴³ are establishing presence. Academic institutions like Deakin University are also setting up campuses.⁷³
  • Infrastructure & Governance: GIFT City features world-class infrastructure ³⁶ including India’s first large-scale District Cooling System, a Utility Tunnel for all services, Automated Waste Collection, and advanced power and water systems.¹⁴⁹ It operates on a ‘walk-to-work’ concept with integrated residential and social amenities.¹⁴⁷ Governance is streamlined through the unified International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA), established in 2020 ¹⁵¹, and offers significant tax incentives (e.g., 10-year tax holiday) and state subsidies.³⁷ Metro connectivity is provided via Ahmedabad Metro Phase 2.⁹³
• 2. Smart Cities Mission Projects: Gujarat has six cities selected under the national Smart Cities Mission: Ahmedabad, Surat, Vadodara, Rajkot, Dahod, and Gandhinagar.¹¹³ This mission aims to provide core infrastructure, a clean environment, and improved quality of life through ‘smart solutions’.¹⁵³ Projects typically involve Area-Based Development (retrofitting, redevelopment, or greenfield) and Pan-City solutions leveraging technology.¹⁵⁶
  • Ahmedabad: Ahmedabad Smart City Development Limited (ASC Ltd) implements projects including an Integrated Transport Management System (ITMS) for BRTS/AMTS buses ¹⁵⁸, smart street lighting, smart parking, water network SCADA system, e-governance platforms, smart heritage initiatives, public bike sharing (AmdaBike), and smart anganwadis.¹⁵⁹ Area-based development focuses on retrofitting utilities, place-making for gardens, slum rehabilitation, and creating an intermodal transport hub.¹⁵⁹ A key component is the Integrated Command and Control Centre (ICCC) located in Paldi, which monitors various city operations.¹⁵⁸ The Sabarmati Riverfront Development is a major urban rejuvenation project integrated with smart city goals.¹⁶⁰
  • Surat: Surat’s Smart City plan focuses on leveraging technology for efficient urban management and enhanced quality of life.¹⁶¹ Key initiatives include Integrated Traffic and Mobility Administration Center (IT-MAC) for intelligent traffic management ¹⁶³, a common city payment system (smart card/QR code/NFC enabled) ⁹⁹, ERP and GIS platforms for municipal operations ¹⁶³, renewable energy integration (solar), smart street lighting, 24×7 water supply with smart metering, enhanced sewage treatment and wastewater recycling, and smart waste management.¹⁵⁷ Area-based development focuses on retrofitting infrastructure in selected zones.¹⁶¹ The Tapi Riverfront Development and Rejuvenation Project is a major related initiative.¹⁶⁵
• 3. DREAM City (Surat): The Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City is a large-scale business district under development near Khajod, Surat.⁸ Spanning ~2,000 acres (681-700 hectares) ⁸, it is envisioned as Gujarat’s third smart city, integrating commercial, residential, and recreational spaces.¹⁰³
  • Status & Features: The project’s anchor is the Surat Diamond Bourse (SDB), inaugurated in December 2023, which is the world’s largest office building, designed to house over 4,500 diamond trading offices.⁸ DREAM City aims to become a major global diamond trading hub.¹⁷⁰ Infrastructure development is underway, managed by the DREAM City Limited SPV.¹⁶⁷ Phase 1 and 2 infrastructure works (roads, utilities, streetlights etc.) costing ~Rs 400 Cr were being executed.¹⁶⁹ The project includes plans for 24×7 water supply, advanced sewage treatment, automated waste management, secure campus with CCTV surveillance, and extensive parking facilities.¹⁶⁷ A proposed Textile University is also part of the plan.¹⁶⁸ The project is expected to generate significant economic activity (estimated ₹90,000 Cr annual turnover).¹⁶⁷ Completion is targeted around 2030.¹⁰³ Recent plans (Surat Economic Development Plan 2047) envision integrating a ‘Bharat Bazaar’ concept, luxury malls, and cultural elements to further enhance its global appeal.¹⁷¹ Metro connectivity is planned via Surat Metro’s Line 1.⁹⁹

These urban development initiatives represent a significant investment in creating modern, efficient, and globally competitive urban spaces. GIFT City is rapidly establishing itself as a major IFSC ¹⁵², while the Smart Cities Mission aims to upgrade infrastructure and services in existing urban centers.¹⁵⁹ DREAM City leverages Surat’s diamond industry strength to create a dedicated global trading hub.¹⁶⁷ The success of these projects depends on attracting private investment, effective urban management, and ensuring sustainable development practices.

E. Ensuring Water Security: Water Management Projects

Water security is a critical aspect of Gujarat’s development strategy, particularly given the state’s geography and reliance on agriculture and industry. Key initiatives focus on augmenting water resources, improving irrigation, and ensuring potable water supply.

• Sardar Sarovar Project (Narmada): This multi-purpose project remains central to Gujarat’s water management. While the dam itself is complete, work on the extensive canal network is nearing completion, aiming to irrigate 18 lakh hectares.⁸⁷ Narmada water is allocated for drinking water and irrigation across the state, including North Gujarat and Saurashtra.¹⁷²
• SAUNI Yojana (Saurashtra Narmada Avtaran Irrigation):
  • Scope: This major project aims to divert floodwaters overflowing from the Sardar Sarovar Dam (Narmada River) to fill 115 existing major dams and reservoirs across the drought-prone Saurashtra region.¹⁷³ It utilizes a network of large-diameter pipelines (up to 3000mm twin pipelines) instead of open canals, minimizing land acquisition.¹⁷³ The total pipeline network length is 1125-1126 km across four main links.¹⁷³
  • Status: Launched in 2016 ¹⁷³, the project is being implemented in phases. Phase 1 inauguration involved filling 10 dams in Rajkot, Jamnagar, and Morbi districts.¹⁷³ As of March 2023, the government reported spending ₹16,148 crore out of a sanctioned ₹18,563 crore, with further expenditure expected as demands for coverage increase.¹⁷⁶ The project aims to benefit irrigation over a large area (original estimate 59,000 hectares ¹⁷³, later estimate 10.22 lakh acres ¹⁷⁴) and provide drinking water support.¹⁷² Recent allocations (Nov 2024) include using SAUNI infrastructure to deliver 13,867 MCFT Narmada water to fill 243 lakes in Saurashtra for Rabi season support.¹⁷²
  • Funding & Technology: Funded through state budgets and loans (e.g., NABARD provided ₹2,112 Cr).¹⁷³ The project requires significant pumping infrastructure and energy.¹⁷³ Specialized valves (Zero Velocity Valves, Air Cushion Valves) are used for surge protection in the large pipelines.¹⁷⁴
• Other Water Initiatives: The state budget includes provisions for water supply, drainage, and pond development under AMRUT 2.0 (₹1,950 crore in FY25-26).⁸⁷ The Kalpsar project is another long-term water resource development plan.¹⁷⁷ Initiatives for land and water conservation, including improving saline/alkaline soil, are also funded.¹⁷⁷

The SAUNI Yojana represents a significant engineering effort to transfer Narmada water across long distances via pipelines, aiming to mitigate Saurashtra’s water scarcity issues.¹⁷³ While the project promises substantial benefits for agriculture and drinking water ¹⁷², its high cost (over ₹16,000 crore spent by 2023 ¹⁷⁶) and the energy required for extensive pumping ¹⁷³ remain important considerations. Effective water management, including efficient use of Narmada water and local conservation efforts, is crucial for sustaining Gujarat’s agricultural and industrial growth.

F. Recent Developments and Updates (Post-2023)

Recent announcements and policy updates continue to shape Gujarat’s development trajectory, reinforcing key strategic directions.

• Policy Updates:
  • The Gujarat Renewable Energy Policy 2023-28 was announced in late 2023, setting ambitious targets and providing a framework for RE development.⁹
  • The Gujarat Global Capability Centre (GCC) Policy 2025-30 was launched in February 2025, offering significant incentives to attract GCC investments.³⁹
  • New policies for Textiles (2024) and State Procurement (2024) have been introduced.²⁴
  • A new Industrial Policy and Tourism Policy are reportedly being finalized to replace existing ones, along with six new energy policies (Green Hydrogen, Biofuel, Pumped Storage etc.), expected ahead of VGGS 2027.⁷⁶
• Infrastructure Announcements & Progress:
  • Vibrant Gujarat Summit 2024 (Jan 2024): Major investment announcements across semiconductors, green energy, auto, steel (Details in Section III.D).⁴³ Launch of the ‘Viksit Gujarat @ 2047’ Vision Document.²
  • Port City Project: Concept highlighted in GMB’s Vision 2047 document (Jan 2024).¹¹³ ₹100 crore allocated in Feb 2025 budget for SPV.¹¹³ Site shortlisting progressed through 2024.⁴⁴
  • Dholera SIR & Airport: Tata Electronics commenced work on semicon fab; Micron progressing with ATMP facility.¹⁴⁰ Ahmedabad-Dholera Expressway nearing completion (May 2025 target).⁸⁵ Dholera Airport construction advancing, trial flights anticipated mid-late 2024/early 2025, operational target 2026.⁸⁵ Health infrastructure (200-bed hospital) ground-breaking Mar 2025.⁸⁶
  • Ahmedabad Metro Phase 2: Inauguration of GIFT City link and Gandhinagar sections (Sept 2024).⁹⁶ Trials ongoing for Sachivalaya section (Mar 2025).⁹⁴
  • Surat Metro: Construction ongoing, first section opening targeted late 2024, full phase by Dec 2027.⁹⁹
  • Mumbai-Ahmedabad HSR: Steady construction progress reported through 2024/25, particularly on viaducts and piers in Gujarat.⁵¹
  • Delhi-Mumbai Expressway: Reports in Feb 2025 highlighted significant delays in Gujarat sections, pushing overall completion to 2027.⁷⁸
  • Khavda RE Park: AGEL commissioned 1 GW solar by March 2024.¹²¹ First wind capacity (250 MW) commissioned July 2024.¹²² AGEL operationalized further capacity through late 2024/early 2025.³¹
  • GETCO: Continued tendering for RE evacuation and grid strengthening projects throughout 2024-25.¹²⁵ CERC granted flexibility for phased GNA applications (Jan 2025).⁶⁴ Investment plans reaffirmed.⁶⁵
  • SAUNI Yojana: Narmada water allocation for Rabi 2024-25 announced via SAUNI infrastructure (Nov 2024).¹⁷²
• Government Statements (PIB): Recent statements by Union Ministers (e.g., Amit Shah in Mar/Apr 2025) reiterate Gujarat’s leading role in infrastructure (Dholera, GIFT City, Khavda RE Park, HSR, Expressways) and its business-friendly environment, aligning with national development goals.⁸⁸

These recent developments indicate continued momentum in Gujarat’s strategic focus areas, particularly in attracting high-tech industries (Semicon, GCCs), scaling up renewable energy, and advancing flagship infrastructure projects like Dholera, GIFT City, and metro rail systems. Policy evolution continues with new frameworks anticipated for key sectors. However, execution challenges, particularly delays in major highway projects like the DME, remain a factor impacting the overall timeline.

V. Conclusion

Gujarat’s development trajectory is characterized by ambitious long-term vision, strategic policy interventions, and massive investments in transformative infrastructure. The ‘Viksit Gujarat @ 2047’ blueprint sets clear goals for exponential economic growth (USD 3.5 trillion GSDP) and improved quality of life, positioning the state as a crucial engine for India’s national development aspirations.²

The state leverages a robust institutional framework, spearheaded by GIDB and now guided by GRIT, to plan and execute its strategy.³ A key element is the proactive formulation of targeted policies designed to attract investment in high-priority sectors. The Semiconductor Policy (2022-27) ²⁹ and the Global Capability Centre Policy (2025-30) ³⁹ offer substantial and specific incentives to capture leadership in these future-oriented industries. Similarly, the Renewable Energy Policy (2023-28) ⁹ and EV Policy (2021-25) ³⁴ provide a strong push towards sustainable energy and mobility, capitalizing on Gujarat’s natural advantages and aligning with climate goals. These are complemented by a comprehensive Industrial Policy (2020) ⁶⁶ and a diversifying Tourism Policy (2021-25).⁴¹ The Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit serves as a powerful platform to translate these policies into investment commitments.⁶

Underpinning this vision is an unprecedented infrastructure build-out across multiple domains:

• Transportation: Major expressways like the DME (despite delays in the Gujarat section ⁷⁸) and the Ahmedabad-Dholera expressway ⁸⁴, the Mumbai-Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail project ⁵¹, expanding Metro networks in Ahmedabad and Surat ⁹³, the ambitious Port-City project alongside existing port expansions ¹¹⁰, and the new Dholera International Airport.⁸⁴
• Energy: The colossal 30 GW Khavda Renewable Energy Park ³¹ and extensive transmission grid upgrades by GETCO ⁶⁴ are central to meeting future energy demands sustainably.
• Industrial & Urban Zones: Development of large-scale SIRs like Dholera and Mandal-Becharaji ¹⁰⁴, integrated with the DMIC ⁴⁹, and world-class urban centers like GIFT City ³⁶ and DREAM City.¹⁰³
• Water Management: Continued focus on Narmada water distribution via projects like the SAUNI Yojana.¹⁷³

The convergence of strategic vision, targeted policies, and flagship infrastructure projects creates a powerful narrative for Gujarat’s future development. The state is clearly positioning itself not just as a manufacturing hub, but as a diversified economy excelling in high-technology, sustainable energy, global finance, and advanced logistics.

However, the scale of ambition brings inherent challenges. Timely execution of interconnected infrastructure projects is paramount; delays in one area (like the DME) can create bottlenecks impacting others (like DMIC node development). Mobilizing the immense financial resources required necessitates continued success in attracting private and foreign investment, alongside central government support. Ensuring the availability of a skilled workforce to meet the demands of new industries like semiconductors and GCCs is critical. Furthermore, balancing rapid development with environmental sustainability and ensuring inclusive growth that benefits all regions and communities remain ongoing tasks.

In conclusion, Gujarat has laid out a comprehensive and ambitious roadmap for its development towards 2047. Its success will depend on effective implementation, adaptability to evolving global trends, and the ability to navigate the complex financial, logistical, and social challenges associated with such large-scale transformation. If successful, Gujarat is poised to significantly contribute to India’s economic ascent while potentially setting new benchmarks for state-level strategic planning and infrastructure-led growth.

This Report and Images are made with assistance of AI, Agentkart is not resposible for the content in the follow links below.

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